Christianity and Islam Essay - 948 Words

Christianity and Islam are the two largest religions in the world, founded upon the principal belief that there is one God who created the world. Nevertheless, both ideologies have their own accounts that have contradicted each other since their beginnings. As time changed these religious sects have undergone a numerous number of events that question their validity and have led to controversy in recent years. Unequivocally both sects differ in many significant fragments of their doctrines. Islam’s founder and leader is the prophet Muhammad, meanwhile in Christianity, Jesus is their founder and leader. Christians also refer to individuals such as Peter, and Paul as Disciples, which translates to: follower of Jesus. Christians†¦show more content†¦Where the pope is the highest authority. Islam’s religious leaders are called imams and do not have a hierarchy like Christianity. The strength of Christianity and Islam beliefs has diminished in recent decades. Now you can be religious about other things than God. You can worship money or your work. Society has become materialistic, as the age of technology has progressed. Political power and wealth have had an immense influence in religion. Various conflicts and scandals have plagued the image of Christianity and Islam. Conflicts in the Middle East have created tension in the Islamic religion. In American popular culture today, terrorism and Islam have become equivalent since the September eleven attacks. Everyone became angry and astonished when this act of terrorism was perpetrated in the name of Islam. There was a wave of confused resentment toward the Muslim community. In Unholy War: Terror in the Name of Islam, John L. Esposito, investigates the political, religious, and social elements that have led to the current state of Islam. He clarifies on the significance of Jihad and its role in the Islamic belief. Jihad is an important concept in Islam and it means to be a believer and follower of Gods will. Esposito declares that Jihad has been manipulated by â€Å"resistance, liberation, and terrorist movements to legitimate their cause and motivate their followers†(EspositoShow MoreRelatedIslam And Christianity : Christianity And Islam1684 Words   |  7 PagesProfessor Slattery World Religions November 11, 2014 Islam and Christianity There are 7 billion people living all around the world. Everybody has grown up enriched in different cultures, beliefs, traditions, and social standings. Each person, with their own developed views of the world, following a religion such as Christianity and Islam or specifically choosing not to follow a religion, even have many similarities. Christianity and Islam, both, follow by a sacred book of their God’s word althoughRead MoreChristianity And Islam : Islam1317 Words   |  6 PagesChristianity and Islam in Premodern Africa Christianity and Islam date back to a time long before the modern era and both have sizable similarities between the two religions. Many of these similarities can be simplified into three subjects; both have books comprised of holy texts written about events taking place during their prophet’s life, both are believed to have started with God appointed leaders, and both consist of different divisions within their religion. Christianity starting with theRead MoreChristianity And Islam : Islam937 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"CHRISTIANITY AND ISLAM.† Christianity and Islam are the two largest religions in the world, with over 2 billion Christian, and 1.5 billion Muslim followers. Christianity was founded by Jesus Christ approximately 2000 years ago in Palestine. Bible is collection of 66 books containing a message from God. The Muslim name for God is Allah. Islam is based on revelations received by the prophet Mohammad and originated in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Quran, is the Islamic sacred text. Both are monotheisticRead MoreIslam, Christianity, And Islam1945 Words   |  8 Pagesexponentially is Islam. Islam is one of the fastest growing religions in the world and is estimated to grow in the years to come. With Islam spreading across the world and many people converting, this will have an effect on the religion itself; the teachings will be shaped by the cultures and ethnicities of the area. Thus, Islam will differ from country to country. Not only that, with Islam spreading it has caused some controversies. Since a lot of people do not understand Islam, it is often confusedRead MoreIslam : Christianity And Islam Essay1919 Words   |  8 PagesIslam is one of the second largest religions in the world with Christianity as the first (Catholicism being the largest denomination). A report from the Vatican, in 2008, stated that 19 percent of the world’s population is made up of Islam, while Catholics make up only 17.4 percent of world’s population. Both Catholicism and Islam have branched off Judaism and share many similarities such as the idea of life after death. Just like Catholicism, Islam is a monotheistic religion which means that theyRead MoreChristianity and Islam763 Words   |  4 Pagescenturies, there is not an exact number of how many religions exist, but it is closely estimated to be over 4,200. Christianity and Islam are the two largest religions in the world and though they have many similarities, they also have vast differences. Unfortunately it is hard to say or believe if they will ever reconcile because of their differences. Inherited from Judaism, Islam and Christianity are beliefs that believe that God created the world and cares about the behavior and beliefs of human beingsRead MoreComparing Islam And Christianity And Islam1731 Words   |  7 Pagesthat will be different due to preconceptions and fundamental beliefs. Comparing and contrasting Islam and Christianity, is a wonderful example of these differences based on fundamental beliefs. This concept is explored in the rest of this work through critically accessing Chr istian and Muslim views on the question of origin, identity, meaning and purpose, morality, and destiny. Islam and Christianity are in agreement that the origin of both living things and man were created by God himself. TheRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam992 Words   |  4 PagesJudaism, Christianity and Islam are three of the most recognized monotheistic religions worldwide. These religions are often referred to as the Abrahamic religions because of their history to the founding father, Abraham. Judaism, Christianity and Islam are closely related with varying differences. Christianity was born from within the Jewish tradition, and Islam developed from both Christianity and Judaism. We take a look at some of the major similarities and major differences of these widely practicedRead MoreChristianity vs Islam1485 Words   |  6 Pagesthe surface, Islam and Christianity appear to have very little in common, however, as you get deeper into areas such as rituals, beliefs, ethics, founders, and sacred objects, the two show strong mutual similarities, particularly in the fundamenta l areas. In this essay I will compare and contrast the doctrines that make up the worlds largest and most recognized religions, Christianity and Islam. The word Islam means surrenderRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam1052 Words   |  5 PagesAubrey Fletcher 3/9/15 Humanities Professor Michaud 417868 Judaism, Christianity, and Islam There are roughly 4,200 different religions in the world today, among them the largest are Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. These three religions are more similar then one would think. Christianity is the largest religion in the world with 2 billion followers and are called Christians. Islam is the second largest religion in the world with 1.3 billion followers. They are called Muslims, which means â€Å"one

Biography And Historical Context Of Edgar Allan Poe

Biography and Historical Context Edgar Allan Poe was born on January 19, 1809 in Boston Massachusetts. Edgar Allan Poe had a vast imagination that made him famous. His style of poetry was mysterious similar to his life. Poe’s actual parents were actors but he didn’t really know them. His father disappeared from the family when Poe was young and his mother died when Poe was only 3 years old. Poe was taken from his siblings and put into the arms of his foster parents John and Frances Allan in Richmond Virginia. Poe became really close with his foster mother Frances but couldn’t find a bond with his foster father, John. Instead of working, Poe chose poetry using the Allan’s business papers to write on. The Allan’s tobacco merchant company was successful but didn’t bring too much money home for the family. Poe attended the University of Virginia in 1826 but didn’t get enough money to pay for his tuition. Poe choose gambling as his way to pay for his education but quickly became in debt. When Poe came home from college he found out that his fiancà ©e Elmira Royster had picked another man leaving Poe depressed and heartbroken. Questioning his life, Poe left the Allan’s. Poe’s career started to pick up after he published his first book, Tamerlane and Other Poems in 1827. Poe always dreamed of going to West Point University and after getting a chance to attend the University in 1830 he couldn’t pass it up. Before attending West Point, Poe published his second book Al Aaraaf,Show MoreRelatedEdgar Allan Poe; Fame Inspired by a Tragic Life865 Words   |  4 Pagespoet, Edgar Allan Poe, had been plagued by grief from an early age. He was an amazing poet and author who just happened to have a darker story. Many who have studied this prestigious man feel that his works, though magnificent, were extremely dark. Some believe it was nothing more then a fancy for him to spin such gruesome tales. Others feel his work was manipulated by the misfortune of his past. These people have actually found evidence that agrees with this statement. The works of Edgar Allan PoeRead MoreExamples Of Romanticism In The Fall Of The House Of Usher1610 Words   |  7 PagesInitials Thoughts about the work â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher† After reading Edgar Allan Poe, â€Å"The Raven† during the course of study for the class and learning how Gothic literature was part of a central movement in the Romanticism era, I decided to read â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher†. Even knowing that Poe is a gothic writer when the story started I was surprised, that beside the description of the feelings of sorrow and dead the House of Usher imposed on the visiting companion, as he describeRead MoreSeminar: Literary Theory Applied to H.P. Lovecraft-Notably â€Å"the Beast in the Cave†6821 Words   |  28 PagesLovecraft has been called â€Å"one of the best, worst authors of our century.† In the following paper, I will explore his earliest work, â€Å"The Beast in the Cave,† a story written when he was around fifteen years old. I will explore its meanings and context through the lenses of reader response, deconstructionism, new historicism, and psychoanalytic analysis. Through these lenses of literary theory I hope to derive further meaning and understanding of this favored story as well as dismiss some criticismRead MoreEssay about Biography and Work of Guy de Maupassant4591 Words   |  19 PagesBiography and Work of Guy de Maupassant Guy de Maupassant is acknowledged through the world as one of the masters of the short story; Guy de Maupassant was also the author of a collection of poetry, a volume of plays, three travel journals, six novels, and many chronicles. He produced some three hundred short stories in the single decade from 1880 to 1890; a period during which he produced most of his other works. Five of his six novels were published during the second half of the decade.Read MoreHumanities11870 Words   |  48 Pageshere I will like to stress that the ultimate aim of art is not to flaunt technical expertise, but to express emotions in a sublime and beautiful manner. In order to understand high cultured art, it may be necessary to study deep into philosophical, historical and cultural disciplines. This may be even a more daunting task than to understand aesthetic technicalities. Thus what I am suggesting here is a short cut. It Is highly unlikely for an artist to be able to express powerful emotions bu t at the sameRead MoreCleanth Brookss Essay Irony as a Principle of Structure9125 Words   |  37 Pagesmade. to remove the traces of the particular circumstances in which they were written. In some cases a radical recasting of an essay would have meant destroying what I regard as its inner core of truth. Thus in the essay on The Changing Function of Historical Materialism we can still hear the echoes of those exaggeratedly sanguine hopes that many of us cherished concerning the duration and tempo of the revolution. The reader should not, therefore, look to these essays for a complete scientific systemRead MoreWalts Whitmans Vision of America in Leaves of Grass17685 Words   |  71 PagesWhitman, So Long !, Deathbed edition (1892) †© 2 Walt†©Whitman’s†©vision†©of†©America†©in†©Leaves†©of†©Grass†© †© Contents†© I. †© Introduction†©Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†©4†© Starting†©point†©Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.†©4†© Short†©biography†©Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†©5†© Historical†©context†©Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†©7†© Thematic†©analysis†©of†©poems†© a. Beauty†©of†©the†©country†©Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†©8†© b. Democracy†©Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†©17†© c. War†©Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.†©25†© d. Future†©generations†©Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦

Network Management in Organisations for Internet- MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theNetwork Management in Organisations for Internet. Answer: Introduction Whereas information technology facilitated by the internet has led to a great revolution in social communication, the constant availability of information has had profound effectS on the moral and ethical values of the users. Moreover, when one considers the rapid transmission of information such files and images the concerns of privacy, security and intellectual property arise [1]. Nevertheless, ethics in this context are supposed to be the principles or values that guide people while using the facilities offered online. Now, the internet is a unique environment where based on its pervasive nature will influence the users to partake in immoral activities. Therefore, this paper analyses the common ethical issue related to the internet content. Ethical Issues A lot of content is usually available online which in most cases tends to blur the lines of property access, ownership and security. While analysing the access of information the privacy of the people involved always come into play, where the rights of the participants (internet users) collide [2]. Ownership, on the other hand, will highlight the concept of intellectual property where among other issues of copyrights and fair play are identified. Finally, with increased access and availability comes the issue of security where confidential details are exposed or lost. Furthermore, with advances in real-time systems and Internet of Things, users can be placed in harms way due to the content they expose online [3]. Analysis of the Ethical Issues Privacy Privacy can be defined as a status of anonymity where individuals and their information remain secluded from the public eye. Privacy tends to be an ethical issue when one considers the vast majority of information available online as a result of willing users who supply the content to websites such as social media sites. In this case, the question is, should the hosts (third party members) be allowed to store and even read the data supplied to them? For security reasons, security agency will have the legal right to scrutinise such data however, the people involved should exercise their moral values in the process [4]. In essence, there should be a limit to this access. Recent events have seen people advocate for data minimization where online hosts such as websites are been urged to minimise their data collection and retention efforts in order to cater for the privacy concerns of the end users. Intellectual Property A critical aspect of the internet, where among the items covered by legal rights users are never protected to own their own ideas or as popularly known their own genius [5]. According to a recent study by MTV, 68 percent of children pay for music content because they believe people deserve respect for their work. However, the same mantra is not seen in grown-ups who as a result of the extended availability of digital content will fail to pay for the rights to access other people's content. Moreover, as stated before the pervasive nature of the internet facilitates the false actions where people lack empathy and fail to associate with the people who are affected by their actions [6]. In the end, internet users will access content all the time without the concerns who supply the content and how. Furthermore, the popularity of streaming and sharing content blurs the lines of ownership where the original owners are unknown. Security The internet has become the livelihood of people today including their businesses which outline the need for secure systems to protect the data owned. Now, unlike regular people who may or may not follow ethical values, hackers will have zero consideration for ethics or moral codes. The fact that they engage in these malicious activities defines their loss of morality. Therefore, based on the inherent popularity of hacking incidences which employ illegal data access techniques, security is seen as a serious ethical issue [7]. Furthermore, while hacking and other acts of cyber crime are outlined by the law, ethics come into play when users who have legitimate access to data, use this privilege for their own gain. For instance, internet users will leak information for financial gain particularly, high valued data. On the other hand, consider the risks internet users take when exposing their locations and availability over the internet. Using real-time systems such as geolocations a use r can be easily be targeted by a person with malicious intention which infringes on their own personal security [8]. Justification for the evaluation A closer look at the functionalities offered by the internet outlines its resounding features most of which exposes it to the ethical issues outlined above. For one, it's instantaneous, immediate and decentralised, which means content is accessed in real-time at extended environments. These outcomes expose its to security problems since control is a challenging process. Secondly, content is continuously exposed having endless expandability and availability. These features predispose it to privacy issues as there is a slippery slope between accessing and infringing the rights of other participants using the internet. Moreover, the same features blur the lines of data ownership where users rarely acknowledge the original owners of the content available online [1]. Conclusion According to many experts, the internet needs regulation to enforce the moral and ethical standards of using information. However, in this recommendation, the same experts are faced with the dilemma of the extent of regulations. On one hand, you have the desire to limit the unethical outcomes through strict security regulations that focus on the need to protect peoples personal rights. However, while enacting these regulations they are bound to infringe on the same rights held by the users. In the end, the solution lies with the individuals themselves who need to establish personal policies to regulate their consumption of the information available online. Remember, the internet is very extensive to regulate having endless features that highlight its pervasive nature and the ability to grant the users anonymity, which in most cases leads to the unethical conducts exhibited. Therefore, a form of self-regulation is needed to enact the available laws of using the digital platform. This outlook is the only solution to solving most of the ethical issues related to the internet. References [1] Vatican. (2002). Ethics in internet. Pontifical council for social communication. [Online]. Available FTP: https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/pccs/documents/rc_pc_pccs_doc_20020228_ethics-internet_en.html [2] SCU. (2017). The Ethics of Online Privacy Protection. Markkula centre for applied ethics. [Online]. Available FTP: https://www.scu.edu/ethics/privacy/the-ethics-of-online-privacy-protection/ [3] Extension. (2017). Internet Legal and Ethical Issues. [Online]. Available FTP: https://articles.extension.org/pages/62093/internet-legal-and-ethical-issues [4] Popescul. D Georgescu. M. (2013). Internet of things some ethical issues. The USV annals of economics and public administration. [Online]. Available FTP: https://seap.usv.ro/annals/ojs/index.php/annals/article/viewFile/628/599 [5] UCSC. (2005). The Ethics of Intellectual Property. [Online]. Available FTP: https://classes.soe.ucsc.edu/cmpe080e/Spring05/projects/ip/ [6] Media smarts. (2017). Ethics and Intellectual Property. Canadas centre for digital and media literacy. [Online]. Available FTP: https://mediasmarts.ca/digital-media-literacy/digital-issues/online-ethics/ethics-intellectual-property [7] Deguzman. V. (2017). Computer Security Ethics and Privacy. [Online]. Available FTP: https://www.webreference.com/internet/security/index.html [8] Mateti. P. (2017). Ethics in Internet Security. [Online]. Available FTP: https://cecs.wright.edu/~pmateti/InternetSecurity/Lectures/Ethics/

COPD prevalence in Australia vs South Korea †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the COPD prevalence in Australia vs South Korea. Answer: Incidence and prevalence of COPD in Australia: COPD can be defined as the obstructive lung disease that restricts the smooth air passage across the bronchial tubes and leads to severe episodes of shortness of breath or dyspnea in the patient and can pave way for many related health disorders for the patient. It has to be mentioned that the COPD is a disease trajectory that involves chronic manifestation of both bronchitis and emphysema, and this complex procedure usually takes a considerably long time to manifest; and hence this disease is generally observed in the older population. COPD has been discovered as the one of the greatest public health priority for a vast majority of both developing and developed nation, and for Australia, the statistical figures are nothing short of alarming (Burney et al. 2015). According to the report of Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2018), the number of deaths in the last couple of years has been 7100 due to COPD, which led to COPD being the fifth leading cause of death in all of Australia. However, in order to understand the predominance of the diseases in the particular national context, it is very important to distinguish the incidence rate of the disease and wit the prevalence of the same in the nation. The incidence if a particular disease reflects the statistical figure of the increase in the number of COPD acquired by patients who have had no past history of COPD, acquiring it in a given period of time. It has to be understood that incidence rate often indicates at the number of new cases reported in a given period of time pertaining to a disease which in turn indicates at the vulnerability of a population to the risk of contracting a particular disease. On the other hand the prevalence is the existent COPD patients alive and strugglin g with the disease, a cumulative figure of total number of COPD cases present in the nation, indicating directly at how widespread the disease is in the nation and how severe is its impact on the overall health outcome of the population. Mortality rate due to COPD in Australia (Lungfoundation.com.au. 2018) In case of Australia, the incidence rate of COPD is 13.7 % in case of Australians aged 40 years or above and the rate is almost doubled at 30% in case of Australians aged 75 years or above on a per annum basis. The prevalence of COPD is case of Australia is alarming. Acording to a recent survey report, approximately million individuals have been reported to be suffering with some form of COPD as of last year. Hence, it can be stated that one in seven Australians have been reported to be suffering from COPD. On a more elaborative note, close to 750000 Australians have been reported to have severe forms of COPD including cases of exacerbation. Whereas, 70000 individuals have been reported to be having mild forms of COPD, which has the risk of developing further exacerbations in the future (Kelly et al. 2018). Reason behind COPD being a issue in Australia: It has to be understood that COPD has been accounted for 355328 hospital bed days and 15% of all preventable episodes of hospitalizations in the Australia in the past couple of years. Now there are various reason that contribute to the high prevalence of COPD in the Australian demographic and high rates of smoking is the most important contributor. It has to be mentioned in this context, that close to 20% of the total Australian population over the age of 15 are active smokers which increases the vulnerability and risk of acquainting COPD exceedingly high in Australia. That is the reason why Australia contributes to one of the highest rates of COPD deaths in the developed world (Lungfoundation.com.au. 2018). Incidence and prevalence of COPD in South Korea: In case of South Korea, similarly, COPD is the fifth leading cause of death and the incidence rate of the diseases in this demographic is 14.1% for individuals over the age of 40. The incidence rate varies considerably among the men and women, with the incidence rate for men being 19.4% whereas for the women it less than half at 7.4% in the last couple of years. The prevalence of COPD in the country has been 36.2%. According to the recent survey report that the South Korea has experienced a steady decline in the rate of COPD in the past couple of years, yet according to the report of KNHNES, that 28.1% mortality rate in the South korea is due to COPD. Along with that, 533 people among every 100000 people lose their healthy lives due to COPD and its exacerbations (Oh and Lee 2016). Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in South Korea (Global-disease-burden.healthgrove.com. 2018) Rationale for difference between both countries in COPD statistics: It has to be mentioned that the incidence rate of COPD is more or less similar in South Korea and Australia, however the prevalence or persistence is greater in South Korea; there are many social determinants involved with the differential or contradictory patterns of COPD incidence and prevalence in both the countries. Comparing the data of smoker COPD patients, it has to be mentioned that smoking plays a huge role in the provoking the disease in bth the countries however in case of South Korea, the rate of non-smoker COPD patients are also significantly high (Angarita et al. 2017). Here, a few other contributing factors can be mentioned, such as the low health literacy and knowledge among the South Korean population regarding the COPD, low income and financial constraint and decreased living condition of the low income families also contributes crucially to the persistence of the disease in the country. Along with that it has to be mentioned that close to 36.2% of the entire male p opulation of South Korea have heavy smoking habits which is highest among all OECDnations (Yoo et al. 2017). Now the impact of smoking on the occurrence and exacerbation of COPD is extreme, hence it can be one important factor leading to the high prevalence and persistence of this disease in South Korea. Another two important factors can be the fact that a vast majority of South Korean females have been exposed to bio-fuels in the past which can have increased the vulnerability, and the compromised living standards due to low income leads to many co-morbid diseases across many regions of South Korea such as tuberculosis, which is a key facilitator of COPD exacerbations. The percentage non-smoker COPD patients in South Korea are 7.1 to 8.2 %, which is much higher than in Australia. Hence, these are a few contributing socio-economic determinants of health that can be pegged as the underlying reasons behind the high prevalence of COPD among both smoking and non-smoking COPD patients in South Korea when compared to that of Australia (Min et al. 2016). References: Angarita, E.S., de Oca, M.M., Zabert, I., Wehrmeister, F. and Menezes, A., 2017. COPD incidence in subjects with risk factors, chronic respiratory symptoms and normal spirometry: The PLATINO study. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2018).COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). [online] Available at: https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/asthma-other-chronic-respiratory-conditions/copd-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease/contents/how-many-die-from-copd [Accessed 9 Mar. 2018]. Burney, P.G., Patel, J., Newson, R., Minelli, C. and Naghavi, M., 2015. Global and regional trends in COPD mortality, 19902010.European Respiratory Journal,45(5), pp.1239-1247. Global-disease-burden.healthgrove.com. (2018).Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in South Korea. [online] Available at: https://global-disease-burden.healthgrove.com/l/46236/Chronic-Obstructive-Pulmonary-Disease-in-South-Korea [Accessed 9 Mar. 2018]. Kelly, A.M., Holdgate, A., Keijzers, G., Klim, S., Graham, C.A., Craig, S., Kuan, W.S., Jones, P., Lawoko, C. and Laribi, S., 2018. Epidemiology, treatment, disposition and outcome of patients with acute exacerbation of COPD presenting to emergency departments in Australia and South East Asia: An AANZDEM study.Respirology. Lungfoundation.com.au. (2018).COPD: The statistics | Lung Foundation Australia. [online] Available at: https://lungfoundation.com.au/health-professionals/clinical-resources/copd/copd-the-statistics/ [Accessed 9 Mar. 2018]. Min, K., Chung, S., Oh, J., Sim, J., Hur, G., Lee, S., Kang, K., Shim, J. and Choi, J., 2016. Prevalence Of Bacterial And Viral Infections In Acute Exacerbation Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease In Single Center In South Korea.Am J Respir Crit Care Med,193, p.A5178. Oh, H. and Lee, Y.E., 2016. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease among Nonsmokers: Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (20102012).Osong public health and research perspectives,7(6), pp.385-393. Rhee, C.K., 2016. 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